instituted by ONU (United Nations), World Energy Day — celebrated today, May 29 — has as its main objective to raise awareness among governments, companies and society about the importance of universal, safe and sustainable access to energy.
Created in the 1980s, the date reinforces the strategic role of energy for human development and the urgency of a global transition to renewable sources, in response to the climate crisis and the need for environmental protection.
In Brazil, the electric sector occupies a prominent position in this scenario. Almost 90% of the electricity generated in the country comes from renewable sources, such as hydroelectric, solar, wind and biomass — one of the cleanest energy matrices in the world. However, this leadership does not guarantee stability.
In recent years, the country has shown increasing signs of stress in the electrical system, evidenced by blackouts, high tariffs and difficulties in ensuring safe supply.
One of the main challenges is the growing pressure on energy, also caused by digital transformation. Technologies such as artificial intelligence and data centers require large volumes of energy, operating continuously — 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
This new reality poses challenges to electrical infrastructure, especially when combined with the natural intermittency of renewable sources and the slow expansion of transmission networks.
As a consequence, in times of low generation the country still needs to resort to fossil thermal plants, which increases costs and carbon emissions.
To get around some of these bottlenecks, Brazil has expanded the use of battery energy storage systems — a technology already adopted in countries such as China, Australia and Chile.
This type of system allows the storage of surplus energy generated by solar and wind sources and makes it available at times of greatest demand or lowest production, contributing to greater balance in the grid.
Energy in the future requires action in the present
On this World Energy Day, the date serves as a warning: generating clean energy is not enough. It is necessary to ensure that it is delivered with quality, stability and safety.
Brazil is already a reference in renewables, but it needs to accelerate the modernization of the electricity sector to keep up with the pace of digital transformation and global decarbonization.
Integrating renewable generation, storage systems and smart grids is no longer a trend – it is a technical and strategic necessity to ensure supply in a scenario of increasingly complex and dynamic demands. The energy of the future needs to be, above all, efficient, affordable and sustainable.
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